Reflection+on+ELT+Techniques+by+Zeynep+Ceyhan

=Reflection on ELT Techniques and Applications =

The Post-method Condition: (E)merging Strategies for Second/Foreign Language Teaching

 * A) Macrostrategy 8: Promote Learner Autonomy **

Since language learning is mostly an autonomous activity, it is important to promote learners to learn. They are able to know how to learn and control their own learning process. It involves promoting strategic investment of learners in their own linguistic destinies. There are some studies focusing on learner autonomy. There are many individual ways of learning, so different learners can learn a language differently. Teachers shoul promote learner autonomy with psychological preparation and strategic training. Teachers should help learners take responsibility for their learning. Moreover, learners understand what the learning strategies are, how to use them, how to monitor and assess themselves. Using learner autonomy in language teaching can be very useful in older ages since young learners learn unconsciously and it is hard to teach them due to lack of hypothetical thinking. This strategy can be used in Turkey effectively. Teachers can give some information about language learning to the students at the beginning of the year. So as to get information about every student, teachers can use questionnaires or organizes mini conferences with students one by one. Students can write their own learning strategies or they can write some ideas about learning even they are not real strategies.

** Macrostrategy 9: Raise Cultural Consciousness **
Culture is an important part of L2 teaching. It helps learners create an awareness of and an emphaty toward the culture of L2. One of the most important aims of culture teaching is to help learners gain an understanding of the native speaker's perspective. So, teachers help learners create a mental association similar to native speakers. The problem with the strategy is that it offer only a limiting view of cultural consciousness. Not only the teacher but also learners are treated as cultural informants. Teachers can host native people in the class for the sake of culture. With the help of that strategy, misunderstandings and miscommunication can be lessened, whereas, learners' self esteem raises. We can use that strategy in every level and age, yet teachers should use concrete things while giving the culture of L2 in young learners as young learners cannot think hypothetically. Students of exchange programs or foreign students can be hosted in the class, so students can ask them some questions about their culture. It is beneficial not only for culture but also for speaking.